Diploma of Science

Gain entry into the second year of a Deakin University science degree and make a real difference in a cutting-edge scientific field.

Key Information

Duration

8 or 12 months

Intake Dates

March, June, October

Campus Location

Geelong Waurn Ponds

2024 Fees

A$28,552 ($3,569 per unit)

Domestic International

2024 Fees

A$35,805 (A$4,476 per unit)

CRICOS Course Code: 063387K

Course overview

The Diploma of Science is a direct pathway to second year of Deakin bachelor degrees in Science, Biomedical Science, Environmental Science (majors in Management and Sustainability, Wildlife and Conservation Biology), Forensic Science, Zoology and Animal Science. In these cutting-edge and rapidly growing fields, graduates could find themselves involved in scientific developments that hold the key to our future.

Employment and career options upon completing your Bachelor degree:

  • Biomedical science
  • Environment and natural resources
  • Forensics
  • Genetic engineering
  • Insurance investigation
  • Laboratory technology
  • Management
  • Marketing
  • Medical research
  • Pest management officers
  • Occupational health and safety
  • Pharmaceutical production or sales
  • Research science
  • Risk analysis
  • Quality assurance
  • Education
  • Quarantine officers

Pathways to Deakin University

On completion of this diploma, you can pathway into the following degrees at Deakin University:

Bachelor of Biomedical Science

Majors: Environmental Health, Infection and Immunity, Medical Biotechnology, Medical Genomics, Molecular Life Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science

Bachelor of Environmental Science (Environmental Management  and Sustainability)

Bachelor of Environmental Science (Wildlife and Conservation Biology)

Bachelor of Forensic Science

Majors: Forensic Biology, Forensic Chemistry

Bachelor of Science

Majors: Animal Biology, Cell Biology and Genomics, Chemistry, Environmental Science, Food Science, Human Biology, Mathematical Modelling, Plant Biology

Bachelor of Zoology and Animal Science

Course and unit outline

For further details about Diploma of Science units, unit availability and trimester structures, please download the course and unit outline.

Download course and unit outline

Course structure

Required units

Students are required to complete and pass 8 units (1 credit point each) plus 2 compulsory zero credit point modules. The units you choose will depend on the degree program that you intend to study at Deakin University.

This interdisciplinary unit examines a determinants approach to health and wellbeing, including: the complex range of interactions that influence the health of individuals and populations; the determinants of selected health issues in urban and rural Australia, as well as in global contexts, and explores a range of models and approaches and their impact on health outcomes.

Topics include: The concepts of health, the social determinants of health, health systems, the biological and environmental determinants, health promotion, indigenous health, settings for health, marginalised populations and global health.

This interdisciplinary unit provides an overview of the basic sciences of human anatomy and physiology, exploring issues of relevance to the health sciences.

Specific topics to be addressed will include: organisation of the human body, outlining anatomical terms, chemical and structural bases of cell function, body tissues including integument, homeostasis and physiological control via neural and hormonal mechanisms that maintain a constant internal environment. Support and movement through an understanding of the musculo-skeletal system, and maintenance of key systems, including cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urinary and immune systems.

This unit provides students with foundation knowledge in food, nutrition and health, including food sources of nutrients, food and nutrient recommendations for health and methods for measuring food intake and behaviour, historical perspective of why we consume the foods we do today and how our scientific knowledge may influence foods we eat in the future. Students also gain an understanding of interactions between the environment, technologies developed to produce and harvest foods and scientific advances in food and nutrition. The topics include: food history, Australian food culture, food production, food sources of nutrients, food and nutrient recommendations and their relationship with health and methods used to measure food intakes and behaviours. Students also have an opportunity to align their interests and values to future career options.

This unit aims to develop the fundamental functions of applied mathematics, and to introduce calculus to students who have not previously studied it in secondary school. It is designed to prepare students from a number of different disciplines for learning tertiary level mathematics. Students will explore the algebra of polynomials, exponentials, logarithms and trigonometric functions and learn rules for differentiating and integrating these functions. Applications studied include graph sketching, maximisation and minimisation problems, areas and kinematics.

Data is everywhere in the world. Without knowing how to interpret or use information from the data it would be difficult to understand its meaning. Statistics is both a method and a tool for interpreting information, testing hypotheses and analysing the inferences people make about the real world. SIT191 aims to aid students develop knowledge in using statistics to summarise, describe and interpret numerical and graphical data and perform statistical inferences. In this unit, students will develop knowledge of the fundamentals of probability for reasoning real-world situations. Students will be required to use statistical software and calculators to analyse data and interpret results for tests on population means and proportions, chi-square tests, correlation and linear regression, and one-way ANOVA.

SIT194 aims to develop the theory of calculus and analytic geometry and to apply it to formulating and solving problems in engineering and the physical sciences. This unit introduces students to the topics of functions and limits, derivatives and integrals of combinations of polynomials, exponential, logarithmic and trigonometric functions; sequences, series tests and power series; vectors, lines and planes; first order differential equations. Applications studied include graph sketching; approximations to solutions of equations and integrals; formulation of models to solve science and engineering problems.

This unit will examine interactions between the major components of planet Earth - the geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and atmosphere. A particular emphasis is placed on the study of natural disasters and extreme natural events. Major topics will include the formation and subsequent evolution of the earth; plate tectonics; soils, weathering and erosion; the hydrological cycle - including interactions between oceans, rivers, groundwater and polar ice: Earth weather. Minor topics will include studies in the origin of the universe and solar system; the relationship between earth landforms and climate, global environmental change and the earth's energy and mineral resources.

This unit introduces the discipline of ecology, and key scientific ideas, with a specific focus on investigations into environmental issues relevant today. The aim of the unit is to support students` understanding of the nature of science and the methods of science using a systems framework. The unit will have a major focus on the science of underlying issues impacting society today including climate systems and ecological systems. The content of the unit will include key concepts involved in scientific enquiry, climate systems and the impact of human activity on these systems, the concept of energy as a means of power for humans, as well as the driving force behind life on earth, the role science plays in environmental sustainability and the field of Ecology as a way of investigating the natural environment.

This unit is the first of a series of professional practice units that are designed specifically for students in Environmental Science courses. In this unit, students will focus on developing strategies and skills that will maximise their learning during their courses, as well as gaining broadly applicable knowledge and skills that are fundamental to a successful career in any environmental science field. Students will learn these skills using real-world scenarios and case studies of current environmental science issues. Skills and contents covered will include career planning and strategies, scientific data management, fundamental statistical concepts, scientific communication, ethics and their implications, and digital literacy.

In this unit, students will be able to study the characteristics of life that are fundamental for every field in biology. Upon successful completion of Cells and Genes, students will be able to explore, examine and describe the characteristics and structures of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells as well as understand cellular mechanisms such as reproduction, communication, and transport across the membrane and cellular respiration. The genetic basis of cell biology is focused on in the latter part of the unit starting with Mendelian genetics which leads on to interpreting patterns of inheritance, mechanisms and control of gene expression and the principles of DNA technologies -all of which form the second part of the unit.

SLE112 is a fundamental forensics unit, during which students will explore forensic science in an Australian context and learn the challenges and differences of forensic science in a global context. This includes some of the key principles used to study the science, including Locard’s exchange principle, principle of individuality, comparative analysis, and class and individual characteristics. Students will engage in activities that will require them to apply forensic processes from a crime scene to the court. It will also require them to apply introductory forensic analysis including chemical, biological and physical techniques and learn about the legal system including how law is developed, criminal vs civil law, and the laws of evidence.

This is the first of a sequence of professional practice units designed specifically for students in the first year of biosciences. In this unit, we will focus on the development of generic skills and will draw upon and extend the scientific content of other, core, first-year units. Through exercises and seminars, you will develop skills in data analysis and presentation, basic mathematics and statistics, library research methods, evaluation of scientific literature and scientific writing and referencing. You will also be introduced to the practice of being an ethical student and professional, and develop your skills in career planning, problem-solving and oral and written presentation.

The aim of SLE121 is to examine the scientific, social, cultural and environmental factors that are all integral components of Environmental Sustainability, on International, National and Local scales. This will necessitate a review of what definitions of sustainability there are and how they inter-relate in regards to environmental, social and economic management. The unit aims to develop the ability to: appreciate the diversity and complexity of environmental issues, identify environmental impacts due to human activities, appreciate the range of stakeholders and their viewpoints in relation to particular issues, understand the necessary measures and associated problems in achieving effective sustainable environmental management and understand the principles and applications of sustainable development.

Students of the life sciences have a growing need to acquire an effective working knowledge of the physical sciences. In this unit, physics concepts such as energy, sound and waves, the properties of atoms, electric fields, optics, fluids and mechanics will be explored and related to biology and medicine. Students will use evidence to demonstrate and evaluate knowledge of fundamental physics principles, and will also have the opportunity to design and conduct their own experiments to evaluate how physics enables life.

SLE132 introduces students to animal and plant biology. Students will explore the relationships between animal structures and their functions, and investigate the physiological processes that enable animals to adjust to environmental changes. They will also learn aspects of animal diversity and behaviour. As students progress learning in this unit, they will study the evolutionary diversity of plants, their structure and functions, morphology and growth, reproductive biology, nutrient acquisition and transport, and their applications in biotechnology, with an emphasis on flowering plants. Examples from other plant groups and the non-plant eukaryotes, fungi and algae, will also be used for comparison and as examples during discussion.

You must have completed SLE010 in the current or a previous trimester, before you can attend any laboratory sessions.

SLE133 is a foundation unit designed to develop and consolidate student understandings and skills in basic chemistry. The learning and assessment activities provide students with the opportunity to study atoms, molecules, and ions, how they change during a chemical reaction and how bonding affects properties such as intermolecular interactions, boiling points, ease of evaporation and the ability of substances to dissolve in water. Students will engage in laboratory work in order to develop their hands-on skills in chemical safety and measurement and their ability to perform calculations related to substance measurement. Students will then apply these concepts of bonding, chemical change and measurement to determine the acidity and basicity of substances and the formation of buffers.

This unit can be taken as a stand-alone unit for students who need some awareness of chemistry to broaden their degree, or can be taken as a foundation for further studies in biochemistry, chemistry, and related areas like food and nutrition, molecular biology and science education.

You must have completed SLE010 in the current or a previous trimester, before you can attend any laboratory sessions.

SLE155 builds on the student’s previous chemistry knowledge about atoms, molecules, properties, reactions, measurement and acidity. Students will extend their knowledge to more advanced chemical naming, structures, and hypervalent bonding. They will be introduced to additional topics such as, chemical equilibria, solution chemistry, simple organic compounds, chirality and functional groups.

Students must successfully complete SLE133 before enrolling in SLE155.

This module's learning and assessment activities provide students with guidance on what constitutes academic integrity. It will allow students to develop knowledge, skills and good practice principles to avoid plagiarism and collusion and thereby maintain academic integrity.

In SLE010, students will develop an awareness of safety measures and protocols to be followed in scientific laboratory work and fieldwork. The unit encompasses information about biological and chemical hazards, building evacuation procedures, laboratory accident management, first aid procedures and safety work procedures. Attendance in all practical classes and/or field trips may be restricted unless you have passed the online quiz with a mark of 70% or greater. Results for all units requiring the completion of SLE010 as a co-requisite may not be released until the quiz is passed.

Notes:

  • The units you choose will depend on the degree program that you intend to study at Deakin University.
  • All Diploma of Science students must complete a Laboratory and Fieldwork Safety Induction Program (SLE010), and STP050 Academic Integrity which are three-hour online training modules. These modules are 0 credit point modules and do not count toward your required 8 credit points.
  • For SLE111, SLE112, SLE132, SLE133 and SLE155 you must complete SLE010 Laboratory and Fieldwork Safety Induction Program as a co-requisite unit
  • For SLE155 you must successfully complete SLE133 Chemistry in our World before enrolling (Pre-requisite).
  • SLE115 and SLE109 are incompatible. Students cannot complete both units within the Diploma of Science.

Your course timetable

On-campus classes run between 9am and 7pm on weekdays. Most units run as 2 x 2-hour classes each week. You can also expect between 4-6 hours of private study per unit, per week.

Transferring to Deakin University

Australian students

Weighted average mark (WAM) required for transfer, by campus:

 Trimester IntakeMelbourne BurwoodGeelong Waurn PondsWarnamboolMaximum Credits

S320 Bachelor of Science≠ (B, WP)

Major sequences:
Animal Biology (B, WP)
Cell Biology and Genomics (B, WP)
Chemistry (B, WP)
Environmental Science (B)
Food Science (B)
Human Biology (B, WP)
Mathematical Modelling (B, WP, O)
Plant Biology (B)

T1
T2
5050 8

S323 Bachelor of Biomedical Science (B, WP)

Major sequences:
Environmental Health (B, WP)
Infection and Immunity (B, WP)
Medical Biotechnology (B, WP)
Medical Genomics (B, WP)
Molecular Life Sciences (B, WP)
Pharmaceutical Science (B, WP)

T1
T2

5050 8
S398 Bachelor of Environmental Science (Environmental Management and Sustainability)
(B)

T1
T2

50  8
S393 Bachelor of Environmental Science (Wildlife and Conservation Biology)
(B)

T1
T2
T3

50  8

S324 Bachelor of Forensic Science (WP)

Major sequences:
Forensic Biology (WP)
Forensic Chemistry (WP)

T1
T2
 50 8
S369 Bachelor of Zoology and Animal Science
(WP)
T1
T2
 50 8
  • T1 (Trimester 1 entry); T2 (Trimester 2 entry); T3 (Trimester 3 entry)
  • ≠ Not all majors are available on all campuses
  • Your undergraduate course at Deakin University may require you to enrol into specific units and/or unit sets in order to meet the course, and/or major/minor sequence requirements. See Diploma to Degree transfer criteria.

Transferring to Deakin University

International students

Weighted average mark (WAM) required for transfer, by campus:

 Trimester IntakeMelbourne BurwoodGeelong Waurn PondsMaximum Credits

S320 Bachelor of Science≠ (B, WP)

Major sequences:
Animal Biology (B, WP)
Cell Biology and Genomics (B, WP)
Chemistry (B, WP)
Environmental Science (B)
Food Science (B)
Human Biology (B, WP)
Mathematical Modelling (B, WP)
Plant Biology (B)

T1
T2
50508

S323 Bachelor of Biomedical Science≠ (B, WP)

Major sequences:
Environmental Health (B, WP)
Infection and Immunity (B, WP)
Medical Biotechnology (B, WP)
Medical Genomics (B, WP)
Molecular Life Sciences (B)
Pharmaceutical Science (B, WP)

T1
T2

50508
S398 Bachelor of Environmental Science (Environmental Management and Sustainability)
(B)

T1
T2

50 8
S393 Bachelor of Environmental Science (Wildlife and Conservation Biology)
(B)

T1
T2

50 8

S324 Bachelor of Forensic Science (WP)

Major sequences:
Forensic Biology (WP)
Forensic Chemistry (WP)

T1
T2
 508
S369 Bachelor of Zoology and Animal Science
(WP)
T1
T2
 508
  • T1 (Trimester 1 entry); T2 (Trimester 2 entry); T3 (Trimester 3 entry)
  • ≠ Not all majors are available on all campuses
  • Your undergraduate course at Deakin University may require you to enrol into specific units and/or unit sets in order to meet the course, and/or major/minor sequence requirements. See Diploma to Degree transfer criteria.

Learn more about this Diploma

Find out more about what you can expect from the Diploma of Science course, directly from our staff and students.

Entry Requirements

Australian Entry Requirements

The following is required for Australian students:

  • Successful completion of Year 12 (VCE or equivalent)
  • VCE VM completion
  • Completion of Cert IV and above
  • IB Diploma score of 22 or above
  • Work experience - Mature Age only

Bahrain Entry Requirements

The following is required for Bahrain students:

  • General Secondary Education Certificate plus 1 year UG study  with overall 60%

Bangladesh Entry Requirements

The following is required for Bangladesh students:

  • Completion of Higher Secondary Certificate with GPA of 3.5
  • IB Diploma score of 22 or above

Bhutan Entry Requirements

The following is required for Bhutan students:

  • BHSE Year 12 - 60%

Brazil Entry Requirements

The following is required for Brazil students:

  • Satisfactory pass in Certificado de Ensino Medio with an average of 7.0 in 4 subjects

Brunei Entry Requirements

The following is required for Brunei students:

  • 2 passes in GCE A-levels

Canada Entry Requirements

The following is required for Canada students:

  • Completion of Ontario Secondary School Diploma (CPU) or any of the Regional (Provincial) High School Diploma with an overall score of 50%.

Cambodia Entry Requirements

The following is required for Cambodian students:

  • Diploma of Upper Secondary Education with a C grade average
  • IB Diploma score of 22 or above
  • 2 passes in GCE A-levels

China Entry Requirements

The following is required for Chinese students:

  • Successful completion of Senior Middle 3 (Gao San) with 60%
  • Vocational Academic Program - 60%;
  • 2 passes in GCE A-levels
  • Successful completion of an Australian Year 12 (VCE or the equivalent from any Australian state or territory)

Colombia Entry Requirements

The following is required for Colombia students:

  • Successful Completion of Bachiller Académico with a minimum overall average score of 70%

Fiji Entry Requirements

The following is required for Fijian students:

  • Successful completion of Form 7 with a B in English and Maths and a pass in all other units, with an overall score of 240

France Entry Requirements

The following is required for French students:

  • Baccalaureate with an average of 10

Ghana Entry Requirements

The following is required for Ghana students:

  • 2 passes in GCE A-levels

Hong Kong Entry Requirements

The following is required for Hong Kong students:

  • Completion of HKDSE with a minimum total score of 8 points over the best 4 subjects from Category A and C (Excluding Physical Education)

India Entry Requirements

The following is required for Indian students:

  • Completion of Year 12 with a minimum 60%

Indonesia Entry Requirements

The following is required for Indonesien students:

  • SMA III with an average grade of 6.5 in 4 academic units
  • 2 passes in GCE A-levels
  • IB Diploma score of 22 or above
  • Successful completion of an Australian Year 12 (VCE or the equivalent from any Australian state or territory)

Iran Entry Requirements

The following is required for Iran students:

  • Successful Completion of National High School Diploma (Theoretical steam ) studied for minimum 3 years with an overall grade of 14 or above out of 20.

Japan Entry Requirements

The following is required for Japanese students:

  • Successful completion of Upper Secondary School Certificate of Graduation (Kotogakko) Year 3 with GPA 2.5

Kenya Entry Requirements

The following is required for Kenya students:

  • Completion of KCSE with a C grade average
  • 2 passes in GCE A-levels
  • IB Diploma score of 22 or above

Korea Entry Requirements

The following is required for Korean students:

  • Senior High School Certificate Year 3 (Year 12) with an average rank of 6 in 4 academic subjects
  • CSAT (College Scholastic Ability Test) with a minimum overall grade of 280 in the best 4 subjects from Language Arts, Mathematics, Science and Social Studies
  • CSAT (College Scholastic Ability Test) Stanine of 6 in the best 3 subjectsGEE (Korea High School Graduation Equivalency Examination Certificate) with a minimum overall average score of 80
  • Note: CSAT results must be accompanied by evidence of successful completion of Senior Secondary Studies.

Kuwait Entry Requirements

The following is required for Kuwait students:

  • Completion of Shahadat Al-Thanawaya Al-Aama (General Secondary Education Certificate) with a 70% average in final results.

Laos Entry Requirements

The following is required for Laos students:

  • IB Diploma score of 22 or above

Lebanon Entry Requirements

The following is required for Lebanese students:

  • General Secondary Certificate (Lebanese Baccalaureate) - Baccalauréat Libanais with a minimum score of 12 (out of 20).

Macau Entry Requirements

The following is required for Macau students:

  • Successful completion of Senior Middle 3 with a B or 75% average in 4 academic units

Malawi Entry Requirements

The following is required for Malawi students:

  • 2 passes in GCE A-levels

Mexico Entry Requirements

The following is required for Mexico students:

  • Completion of Mexican Upper Secondary School Program (Bachillerato or Preparatria program) with a minimum 7.0 GPA

Malaysia Entry Requirements

The following is required for Malaysian students:

  • 2 passes (minimum E grade) in STPM
  • Malaysia Independent Chinese Secondary Schools Unified Examination Certificate with a pass in 4 academic subjects
  • 2 passes in GCE A-levels
  • IB Diploma score of 22 or above

Myanmar Entry Requirements

The following is required for Mongolia students:

  • Successful completion of Gerchilgee (Certificate of Senior Secondary Education) with an overall average score of 70%

Myanmar Entry Requirements

The following is required for Myanmar students:

  • Completion of Basic Education High School Exam with grade of 50% in final year results
  • 2 passes in GCE A-levels
  • IB Diploma score of 22 or above

Nepal Entry Requirements

The following is required for Nepalese students:

  • Completion of Higher Secondary School Leaving Certificate (Year 12) with a GPA of 2.4

New Zealand Entry Requirements

The following is required for New Zealand students:

  • Completion of National Certificates of Educational Achievement (NCEA) Level 3 with a minimum of 42 credits in 3 approved subjects at Level 3

Nigerian Entry Requirements

The following is required for Nigerian students:

  • Senior Secondary School Certificate (WAEC or NECO) with 5 grades at C6 level
  • IB Diploma score of minimum 22
  • Successful completion of GCE A-levels: passes in minimum 2 subjects

Oman Entry Requirements

The following is required for Oman students:

  • Additional year of study following General Secondary Education Certificate or Year 12 American program

Pakistan Entry Requirements

The following is required for Pakistan students:

  • Completion of Higher Secondary School Certificate with a grade average of 55%
  • 2 passes in GCE A-levels

Papua New Guinea

The following is required for Papua New Guinea students:

  • Higher School Certificate with a grade average of 70%

Philippines Entry Requirements

The following is required for Philippines students:

  • Successful completion of Year 12 with an 80% average
  • IB Diploma score of 22 or above
  • Successful completion of an Australian Year 12 (VCE or the equivalent from any Australian state or territory)

Saudi Arabia Entry Requirements

The following is required for Saudi Arabia students:

  • Additional year of study following General Secondary Education Certificate or Year 12 American program

Singapore Entry Requirements

The following is required for Singapore students:

  • 2 H2 passes in GCE A-levels
  • IB Diploma score of 22 or above

South Africa Entry Requirements

The following is required for South African students:

  • Successful completion of Year 12

Sri Lanka Entry Requirements

The following is required for Sri Lankan students:

  • 2 passes in GCE A-levels or equivalent

Sweden Entry Requirements

The following is required for Sweden students:

  • Avgangsbetyg / Slutbetyg (Upper Secondary School Leaving Certificate) with a score of 10 points.

Taiwan Entry Requirements

The following is required for Taiwan students:

  • Successful completion of Senior Middle 3 with a B or 60% average in 4 academic units

Tanzania Entry Requirements

The following is required for Tanzania students:

  • 2 passes in GCE A-levels

Thailand Entry Requirements

The following is required for Thailand students:

  • Successful completion of Matayom 6 with a GPA of 2.0
  • IB Diploma score of 22 or above
  • 2 passes in GCE A-levels

Turkey Entry Requirements

The following is required for Turkey students:

  • Successful completion of Lise Diplomasi with GPA of 3.0

UAE Entry Requirements

The following is required for UAE students:

  • Successful completion of Secondary Education Certificate (Year 12) with a minimum overall average score of 80% or higher.

Uganda Entry Requirements

The following is required for Uganda students:

  • Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education (UACE) with passes in at least 2 principal studies plus Uganda Certificate of Education (UCE) with passes in 6 studies
  • Successful completion of GCE A-levels: passes in minimum 2 subjects

UK Entry Requirements

The following is required for UK students:

  • GCE A Levels with a pass in 2 subjects
  • GCE AS levels with a pass in 4 subjects

USA Entry Requirements

The following is required for USA students:

  • Successful completion of American High School Diploma with a minimum score of 2.0; or
  • Successful completion of Year 12 or equivalent PLUS with a SAT score of 1000; or
  • Successful completion of GED (High School Equivalency) with a minimum overall score of 580, and no content area module below 145.

Vietnam Entry Requirements

The following is required for Vietnam students:

  • Successful completion of Year 12 with a 6.0 GPA
  • IB Diploma score of 22 or above
  • 2 passes in GCE A-levels
  • Successful completion of an Australian Year 12 (VCE or the equivalent from any Australian state or territory)

Zambia Entry Requirements

The following is required for Zambia students:

  • 2 passes in GCE A-levels

Zimbabwe Entry Requirements

The following is required for Zimbabwe students:

  • 2 passes in GCE A-levels

English Language Entry Requirements

International students must be able to demonstrate English language proficiency before being admitted to this course.

Transfer guidelines

View the transfer requirements for the Diploma of Science below. 

Domestic Students

International Students